D&I models should be used to inform all phases of the research process, from early development of D&I research questions through to analyses and dissemination of research findings. Once you have Selected, Combined, and/or Adapted your D&I model(s), it is time to put it/them into action. The Use section provides guidance on how to operationalize the selected D&I model(s) throughout your D&I project.
D&I models are used to frame D&I projects including shaping the specific aims and objectives, identifying designs and measures, and interpreting findings. “Using the model” means that the concepts and processes described in the protocol are informed by the D&I model. A common limitation of a grant application is that a model is mentioned in the beginning of the proposal, but is not fully integrated across all parts of the proposal. Later, when conducting your study, it is helpful to continually return to your model to ensure that measures and data collection procedures align with the model and its key constructs.
The earliest use of a model is often when a D&I project is being designed and a grant proposal is being written. It is crucial to introduce your model early in your grant application, generally in the Aims page.
Across all stages. The D&I model should be apparent in your aims, design, study activities, selections of measures, evaluation, analyses, and the interpretation and dissemination of findings.
Use of a D&I model implies the conversion of the model into measurable constructs. This allows you to conceptualize and evaluate/quantify dependent and independent variables as well as mediators and moderators. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods (e.g mixed-methods) are often best suited to capture the essence of a D&I construct. This tool allows users to identify relevant constructs and begin to determine how each construct contributes to study design. This tool also provides a description of each construct and affiliated measures in the Measures section of this web tool.
Models are used to guide research and help researchers to interpret findings and contribute to the science. Once you have selected, combined and/or adapted a D&I model, you need to use the model in several parts of your study (from planning a study to carrying out a project). The earliest use of a model is often when a grant proposal is being written. It is crucial to introduce your model early in your grant application, generally in the Aims page. “Using the model” means that your protocol is based on the concepts, terminology, and processes described. A common limitation of a grant application is that a model is mentioned in one section, but is not fully integrated across all parts of the proposal. Later, when conducting your study, it is helpful to continually return to your model to ensure that measures and data collection procedures align with the model and its key constructs. There are several general issues to be considered when using a D&I model.
You can use the fillable PDF on this page that will walk you through this process.
The focus on dissemination and/or implementation activities. D-only focuses on an active approach of spreading evidence-based interventions to target audience via determined channels using planned strategies. D=I, D>I, and I>D means there is some focus on both dissemination and implementation. I-only focuses on process of putting to use or integrating evidence-based interventions within a setting.
The level of the framework at which the model operates. Individual includes personal characteristics; Organization includes hospitals, service organizations, and factories; Community includes local government and neighborhoods; System includes hospital systems and government; Policy includes changes in policy.
Defines the type of construct this model is using.
